Regulation of Organ Growth by Morphogen Gradients
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Regulation of organ growth by morphogen gradients.
Morphogen gradients play a fundamental role in organ patterning and organ growth. Unlike their role in patterning, their function in regulating the growth and the size of organs is poorly understood. How and why do morphogen gradients exert their mitogenic effects to generate uniform proliferation in developing organs, and by what means can morphogens impinge on the final size of organs? The de...
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Individuals of the same or closely related species can vary substantially in size. Still, the proportions within and between tissues are precisely kept. This adaptation of pattern with size termed scaling, is receiving a growing attention. We review experimental evidence for scaling, and describe theoretical models for mechanisms that scale morphogen gradients. We particularly note the Expansio...
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Many patterns of cell and tissue organization are specified during development by gradients of morphogens, substances that assign different cell fates at different concentrations. Gradients form by morphogen transport from a localized site, but whether this occurs by simple diffusion or by more elaborate mechanisms is unclear. We attempt to resolve this controversy by analyzing recent data in w...
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Shh activity and at different distances from the source. The proper functioning of tissues and organs requires These observations provide unequivocal evidence that that each cell differentiate appropriately for its position. Shh acts directly on distant cells and therefore that Shh In many cases, the positional information that instructs forms a morphogen gradient in the developing neural cells...
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Some aspects of pattern formation in developing embryos can be described by nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations. An important class of these models accounts for diffusion and degradation of a locally produced single chemical species. At long times, solutions of such models approach a steady state in which the concentration decays with distance from the source of production. We present analyt...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1943-0264
DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a001669